水晶蜜柚和溪蜜柚贮藏期间果实不同部位品质变化
Changes of Quality of Different Parts of Crystal and Guanxi Honey Pomelo during Storage
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摘要: 本文以云南瑞丽地区主要栽培的柚子品种水晶蜜柚和琯溪蜜柚为试材,研究两种柚子在贮藏期间果实不同部位可溶性固形物(TSS)、可滴定酸(TA)、VC及感官风味的变化。结果表明:在整个贮藏期间,水晶蜜柚和琯溪蜜柚果蒂部、赤道部和果脐部TSS均先增大后减小,水晶蜜柚果蒂部TSS变化最大,贮藏至120 d,果蒂部、赤道部和果脐部TSS分别比其最大值下降55.35%、43.39%和39.36%。琯溪蜜柚果蒂部、赤道部和果脐部TSS下降比例差异不大。在整个贮藏期,两种柚子可滴定酸(TA)均先减小后增大再减小,VC均呈下降趋势,且果蒂部变化幅度均较大,贮藏至120 d,水晶蜜柚三个部位TA和VC变化幅度均大于琯溪蜜柚,水晶蜜柚果蒂部、赤道部、果脐部TA比贮藏前显著(p<0.05)降低63.44%、52.22%和50.00%,VC分别比贮藏前显著(p<0.05)降低53.70%、44.84%和43.00%。通过感官评分可知,在贮藏过程中,水晶蜜柚三个部位感官评分下降幅度均大于琯溪蜜柚,最先出现感官评分大幅度降低,且果蒂部最先达到不可接受程度。综合分析,两个品种柚子果蒂部品质变化均最大,水晶蜜柚贮藏一个月内会提高果实品质,但随着贮藏时间延长,果实品质大幅度降低,琯溪蜜柚果实品质降低幅度相对较小。Abstract: The storage characteristics of crystal honey pomelo and guanxi honey pomelo in Ruili region during storage were compared and fruit different parts inner quality and sensory flavor were determined. The results showed that the total soluble solids (TSS) content of two cultivars increased firstly and then decreased during storage. The variation of TSS content of crystal honey pomelo fruit pedicel was biggest. Compared to the maximum, the TSS content of fruit pedicel, equator and areola significantly decreased 55.35%, 43.39% and 39.36%. The variation of TSS content of guanxi honey pomelo had no significant difference among three parts. The fruit titratable acid (TA) content of two cultivars decreased firstly and then increased and decreased again. Vitamin C (VC) of two cultivars showed a decreasing trend. The variation of the fruit pedicel TA content and VC were both larger. The TA content of crystal honey pomelo fruit pedicel, equator and areola decreased 63.44%, 52.22% and 50.00% than before storage (p<0.05). The VC content of crystal honey pomelo fruit pedicel, equator and areola significantly decreased 53.70%, 44.84% and 43.00% (p<0.05), respectively. Through the sensory score, the sensory scores of crystal honey pomelo fruit pedicel, equator and areola decreased faster than the guanxi honey pomelo. The sensory score of crystal honey pomelo fruit pedicel was the first to reach the unacceptable degree. Comprehensive analysis showed that, the quality of the pedicel of the two cultivars had the greatest changes. Crystal honey pomelo would improve the quality of the fruit within one month of storage, but with the extension of storage time, the quality of the fruit decreased significantly, and the quality of Guanxi honey pomelo decreased relatively small.