Abstract: Fast food safety detection technology is an important support of food safety guarantee. Fluorescent immunochromatographic assay,combining high sensitivity of fluorescence detection and high specificity of traditional immunochromatographic assay,is a new immunoassay technique,which has been a hot spot in the field of rapid quantitative detection of food safety. In this paper,the basic principle of fluorescence immunochromatographic assay was introduced,and the latest research progress of the immunochromatographic assay labled with organic day,quantum dots,and upconversion nanoparticles and its application in food safety were detailed summarized. In addition,the development direction of fluorescence immunochromatographic technique was given. This review was expected to provide the bibliographic support to promote the rapid quantitative detection of food safety in our country.