Abstract: Bioactive peptides are one of the hotspots in the area of life and food science.Antimicrobial activity, antihypertensive effect, immune regulation, anti-viral and anti-inflammaroty activity of peptides have gradually been confirmed, but research on anti-inflammatory of peptides is limited. Chronic inflammation seriously affects human health, and the traditional drugs of inflammatory treatment show some side effects.The development and application of food-derived anti-inflammatory peptides is expected to provide new anti-inflammatory strategy for the body inflammatory response. Therefore, this paper reviewed the preparation, purification, identification and molecular mechanism of food-derived anti-inflammatory peptides. Directions for further study and their potential application in practice were also discussed, which provided a reference for further in-depth study of anti-inflammatory peptides derived from food.