Abstract: In this study, the effect of modified atmosphere packaging on Capsicum annuum L. postharvest quality during the storage life was investigated.The physiological quality and nutritional quality was detected termly as well as volatile gas content was studied termly by electronic nose.Capsicum annuum L.were treated with different modified atmosphere packaging during the storage life at ( 8 ± 0.5) ℃. The results showed that the rotting rate, red-conversion index, relative electrical conductivity, respiration intensity and ethylene production rate of the Capsicum annuum L.were inhibited significantly after PE40 treatment.And better chewiness, higher soluble solids content, vitamin C and capsaicin contents could be achieved after PE40 treatment.The study also demonstrated that the suitable storing micro-environment for the Capsicum annuum L. was CO₂: 5.9% ~6.5%, O₂: 12.9% ~13.3%.The results also showed that the electronic nose analysis could distinguish the general characteristics of the Capsicum annuum L.in different storage periods, which could be used to detect the aging degree of the Capsicum annuum L.during storage.It is summarized that PE40 treatment is the best way for Capsicum annuum L.during the storage life.