Effects of 60Co γ-ray with different dosage rates and high energy beam on the fresh-keeping of grass carp
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摘要: 为研究相同剂量下不同辐照剂量率对草鱼贮藏品质的影响,用不同剂量率的60Co-γ射线和电子加速器产生的高能电子束分别对真空包装后的草鱼鲜鱼块进行辐照处理,置于（4±0.5）℃条件下的冰箱中贮藏,每隔3 d对草鱼块进行理化指标（TVB-N值、p H、K值）、微生物指标（菌落总数）与感官评价等测定。结果表明:草鱼鱼块的p H随贮藏时间延长均表现为先下降后上升。随着辐照剂量率升高,鱼块的TVB-N值和菌落总数增长趋势减缓。在4℃下,电子束辐照结合真空包装处理的鱼块,分别在第27 d和21 d达到TVB-N值（20 mg/100 g）和菌落总数的限值(5 log10CFU/g),但其对于草鱼块的K值抑制效果较差,在第9 d时感官评价值为3.01;高剂量率Co源辐照分别在第21 d和20 d达到TVB-N值和菌落总数的限值,同时对K值有较好的抑制效果,在第9 d时,其感官评价值为3.51,高于其他处理方式。综合各项指标,高剂量率钴源辐照下草鱼鱼块表现出最佳的贮藏效果。Abstract: The effects of irradiation dosage rate ( the electron beam, high-dose-rate 60Co γ-ray irradiation, low-dose-rate 60Coγ-ray irradiation and the control, rating in descending order) and vacuum packaging on fresh-keeping of grass carp fillets stored at ( 4 ± 0.5) ℃ were evaluated basing on physicochemical indexes including Total volatile base nitrogen ( TVB-N) , p H and K value, microbiological indicator ( Total viable counts ( TVC) ) and sensory evaluation. The results showed that the p H increased at first, then decreased with the storage time.The growth trend of TVB-N and TVC were slowed down as the increase of the irradiation dosage rate. The samples irradiated by electron beam exceeded the TVB-N ( 20 mg/100 g) and TVC limits ( 5 log10CFU/g) in 27 d and 21 d, respectively, and the sensory evaluation value was 3.01 in 9 d. However, electron beam irradiation had little inhibiting effect on the increase of K value.The grass carp fillets irradiated by high-dose-rate 60Co γ-ray reached the limits of TVB-N and TVC in 21 d and 20 d, respectively, and the sensory evaluation value was 3.51 in 9 d.The K value could be well repressed by the irradiation of 60Co γ-ray. The study showed that high-dose-rate 60Co γ-ray irradiation was the best choice for fresh-keeping of grass carp fillets after comprehensive evaluation.
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Keywords:
- grass carp /
- irradiation /
- fresh-keeping /
- 60Co γ-ray /
- electron accelerator
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