Abstract: In order to explore the main food safety risk factors and establish a set of food safety risk assessment model which is suitable for Chinese food supervision.In this paper,data was based on the government supervision on food safety,statistical yearbook,Baidu index and other data. A food safety risk assessment index system was established to study food category,and the relevant data of ten kinds of food that consumers pay close attention in2014 was collected.SPSS was used for factor analysis,common factors were found,then factor score was served as a food category risk project's comprehensive evaluation value and the risk was sorted.Through the application of the model,the early warning function of food category was realized and the source of risk factors were traced,so as to develop targeted monitoring measures for government.