Abstract: Bacteriocin,that can be regarded as natural preservatives to apply to food industry,are secondary metabolites produced from lactic acid bacteria,such as proteins and peptides.They are ribosomally synthesized,which can inhibit microorganism in the same or similar habitat. The pure product can be achieved through ammonium sulfate precipitate( ASP),gel- filtration chromatography( GFC),high performance liquid chromatography( HPLC) and so on. And then the thermostability,tolerance for p H and molecular weight can be analyzed.The process of purification is the technical bottle neck to limit the study and applications of bactericins.The methods,such as ASP,adsorption- desorption producer cells( ADPC),methanol acetone extraction( MAE),GFC,cation exchange chromatography( CEC) and reversed phase high- performance liquid chromatography( RP-HPLC) to purify bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria,were mainly compared and analysised in this paper.At the same time,the recent research advance on characterizations and applications of bacteriocins were reviewed highlightly,which aims to provide reference for protective agent of lactic acid bacteria.