Abstract: Milk is recognized as one of the major food allergens, which could cause severe allergic reactions.The rapid and accurate detection of milk allergen have gained tremendous attention in the field of food safety.The major allergens in milk include casein (CN) , beta-lactoglobulin (α-Lg) and alpha-lactalbumin (β-La) . The currently available detection method include electrophoresis chromatography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) , biosensor, proteomics based on mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . In this article, the principles and applications of major detection methods for milk allergens were summarized, which will provide guidance for the milk allergen detection in different food sources and the ensure of food safety for human health.