Abstract: Steviol glycosides are natural substances from leaf of stevia, which have been attracted extensive attention recently because of its intense sweetness, low-calorie, no nutrition and no acute and subacute toxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenic. The metabolic pathways and biological activities of steviol glycosides were summarized in the paper. The actions on anti- hyperglycemic, anti- hypertensive, anti- inflammatory, immunomodulatory and diuretic were reviewed in detail.