热水结合乳酸喷淋处理对屠宰生产链中肉鸡胴体微生物、理化及感官指标的影响
Effects of spray treatment with hot water combined with lactic acid on broiler chicken carcasses' microorganisms, physicochemical and sensory indexes in slaughtering production chains
-
摘要: 以某肉鸡加工厂屠宰生产链的肉鸡胴体作为试材,采用热水(50℃)结合乳酸(1.5%)喷淋(15s)的减菌方法对其进行喷淋处理,采集处理前后的肉鸡胴体表面样品或产品进行微生物、理化及感官指标的测定。减菌处理后肉鸡胴体表面菌落总数、大肠菌群及肠球菌的数量在不同的加工环节均有一定程度的降低;鸡肉产品金黄色葡萄球菌检出率(从37.5%降至9.76%)和沙门氏菌(从12.75%降至1.22%)检出率明显降低;在两个月贮藏期内,处理前后鸡肉的p H、挥发性盐基氮及解冻后失水率无明显变化;处理前后鸡肉产品的组织状态、色泽无明显差异,且处理组鲜味更浓,加热煮沸后肉汤较对照组澄清。采用热水(50℃)结合乳酸(1.5%)喷淋(15s)的减菌方法处理肉鸡胴体能有效降低微生物污染数量,且处理前后胴体分割后速冻产品的部分理化指标、感官指标无明显变化。Abstract: Taking the broiler carcasses' in one certain slaughtering production chain as the test material. Using the technology of reducing bacteria by spraying (15s) hot water (50℃) combined with lactic acid (1.5%) and collecting the surface samples of the broiler chicken carcasses before and after the treatment or the indications of the microorganisms, physicochemical and sensory indexes on the products. After the bacteria-reducing treatment, the total number of the bacterial colonies, the Coliform groups and the Enterococcus on the surfaces of the broiler carcasses were respectively more or less reduced during the various processing sectors. The detection rates of the chicken products ' Staphylococcus aureus ( down from 37. 5 % to 9. 76 %) and the Salmonella (down from 12.75% to 1.22%) were markedly lowered. Within the two-month storage period, the p H and the volatile basic nitrogen and the water loss rate after thawing of the before-and-after treated chicken did not have marked changes. There were no marked difference between the before-treated chicken's organism state and color and the after-treated ones. The treated groups' flavors were thicker and the heated broths comparatively clearer than that of the control groups. Using the technology of reducing bacteria by spraying (15s) hot water (50℃) combined with lactic acid (1.5%) processing broiler carcass could effectively reduce the contamination number of microbial, and the physical and chemical indexes and sensory indexes of the before-and-after-treated excised quick-frozen products changed little.