甘薯和玉米淀粉回生制备支链淀粉的再回生特性
The retrogradation characteristic of sweet potato and maize amylopectin prepared by retrogradation
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摘要: 为了深入了解参与回生支链淀粉的性质,本文以甘薯和玉米淀粉为原材料,通过回生法制备甘薯和玉米支链淀粉,研究其回生前后可见和红外吸收的变化。结果表明,甘薯和玉米支链淀粉的回生率分别为2.5%和1.6%。支链淀粉回生前后与碘液混合最大可见吸收波长分别为:甘薯支链淀粉627.4nm,甘薯回生支链淀粉570.4nm;玉米支链淀粉569.8nm,玉米回生支链淀粉568.8nm。红外图谱结果显示,甘薯和玉米第一次回生所得支链淀粉中含有脂肪,再次回生支链淀粉中没有脂肪。支链淀粉红外图谱中881/1020cm-1或660/1020cm-1处的峰值比可用来表示回生支链淀粉中结晶区与无定形区的比例。当没有蛋白和脂肪时,支链淀粉中水的O-H伸缩振动在1605cm-1附近。甘薯支链淀粉比玉米支链淀粉更容易回生。Abstract: Sweet potato and maize amylopectin were prepared from their native starches by the method of retrogradation, and the retrogradation characteristics of those two amylopectins was investaged so as to have a deep insight on the property of amylopectin in retrograded starches in this experiment.The results showed that the retrogradation rates of sweet potato and maize amylopectins were 2.5% and 1.6% respectively. The maximum visible absorption wavelength of amylopectins attached with iodine liquid before and after retrogradation were627.4nm and 570.4nm for sweet potato amylopectin, 569.8nm and 568.8nm for maize amylopectin.The results of IR spectra showed that there were lipids in sweet potato and maize amylopectin, but those lipids disappeared after those amylopectins retrograded again. The rates of intensities of bands at 881 /1020cm- 1or 660 /1020cm- 1in retrograded amylopectin might represent the rates of amorphous /crystalline regions. O- H stretching vibration of amylopectin should be around 1605cm- 1when protein and lipid were absent in amylopectin. Sweet potato amylopectin was more likely to retrograde than maize amylopectin.