Abstract: Celiac disease was an immunne disorder induced by wheat gliadin peptides in genetically susceptible population, and this immune reaction includes non-specific immune responses and specific immune response, depending on the trigger mechanism.α-gliadin was rich in wheat gliadin, and it was the main proteins in the cause of celiac disease.Moreover, α-gliadin peptides could be divided into two categories :non-specific toxicity of peptides and immunity peptide.Among them, p57-89 peptide of α-gliadin was the major immunity peptide induced T cell-mediated inflammatory reactions, and p31-43 and p31-49 peptides were the main toxicity peptide.