Abstract: Some species of edible ferns were appreciated for their flavors and nutrients, as well as their phytochemicals including flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics and steroids which have antitumor, anti-HIV, anti- inflammative, antioxidant, antimicrobe, hepatoprotective, osteoprotective activities and so on.Meanwhile, some natural toxins might give rise to risk of edible ferns as food.Some research results of edible ferns in China were summarized about their resources, nutritional values, edible securities, phytochemicals and pharmacological activities, aiming at providing theoretical basis on their security assessments and advanced processes, and laying foundation for research and development of novel natural drugs.