营养素和植物化学物通过NMDAR改善认知的研究进展

Research progress on effect of nutrients and phytochemicals on NMDAR for improving cognition

摘要: N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体（N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor,NMDAR）功能低下是引起人类认知功能障碍的重要原因之一,适当激活NMDAR有助于提高认知功能,但过度激动也会产生兴奋毒性,进一步损伤认知功能。最新研究表明通过摄入某些脂肪酸、维生素、矿物质等营养素以及槲皮素、蜜橘黄素等植物化学物可以适当提高NMDAR功能,而且染料木黄酮、Rg3等还可降低因NMDAR过度激动引起的兴奋毒性,从而改善、延缓或阻止认知功能障碍的发生及发展。

Abstract: NMDAR (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor) dysfunction is one of the most important reasons for human cognitive impairment. Appropriate activation of NMDAR can improve cognitive function, but overactivation of NMDAR will produce excitotoxicity. The recent researches showed that some nutrients and phytochemicals could delay or prevent the occurrence and development of cognitive dysfunction by regulating the activity of the NMDAR.