石榴贮藏期间褐腐病病原菌的分离、鉴定及不同理化因素对其生长繁殖的影响
Separation and identification the pathogens of browning rotten disease of pomegranate during storage and effect of different physical and chemical factors on its reproduction
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摘要: 对引起陕西临潼和新疆喀什石榴贮藏期间褐腐病的病原菌进行了分离与鉴定,研究了温度、pH、壳聚糖、杀菌剂等理化因素对石榴病原菌生长繁殖的影响。结果表明,临潼石榴褐腐病病原菌为黑曲霉(A.niger V.Tiegh.),喀什石榴褐腐病病原菌为紫变青霉(P.purpurogenum Stoll)。0℃的低温能抑制但不能终止两种病原菌的生长;临潼石榴黑曲霉在pH3～11范围内均有孢子繁殖,pH5时繁殖最快;喀什石榴紫变青霉在pH7时孢子繁殖最快,低于或等于3时停止生长。多菌灵、铜大师、代森锰锌对两种霉菌生长的抑制效果不明显,甲基托布津可完全抑制两种霉菌的孢子繁殖。壳聚糖安全无毒,对两种霉菌均有较好的抑制作用,是一种良好的石榴涂膜保鲜剂。Abstract: Pathogens causing the browning rotten disease of Shaanxi Lingtong and Xinjiang Kashi pomegranate fruits during storage were separated and identified.Effect of physical and chemical factors such as temperature, pH, chitosan and germicide on the reproduction of pomegranate pathogen were studied in the paper.The result showed that the browning rotten pathogen of Lingtong pomegranate was A.niger V.Tiegh.and the browning rotten pathogen of Kashi pomegranate was P.purpurogenum Stoll.These pathogens could be restrained but not be terminated at 0℃.Spores of A.niger V.Tiegh.could breed between pH3 and pH11, they reproduced fastest at pH5.Spores of P.purpurogenum Stoll increased fastest at pH7, while they stopped growing at pH≤3.Suppressive effect of carbendazim, cuprous oxide and mancozeb on A.niger V.Tiegh.and P.purpurogenum Stoll were not obvious.However, Triophanate-methyl could inhibit the reproduction of mold spores completely.Chitosan was innocuous and had a better inhibitory effect on the mold.It was a good kind of coating antistaling agent for pomegranate.
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