Elements Content and Safety Assessment of Dried Edible Fungi Sold in Guangdong Province

Objective: To detect the contents of 26 elements in 18 kinds of dried edible fungi sold in Guangdong Province and to evaluate the quality, safety and health risks of them. Methods: The contents of 26 elements (Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Hg, Tl, Pb) in 18 kinds of dried edible fungi sold in Guangdong Province were determined by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Nemero comprehensive pollution index evaluation method and target hazard quotients/total target hazard quotients (THQ/TTHQ) were used to evaluate the quality safety level of dry edible fungi and dietary exposure risk. Results: The contents of 26 elements varied greatly. The contents of K, Mg, Ca, Na, Al, Fe were higher than 100 mg/kg, while the contents of Li, Be, Cr, Ni, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg, Tl, Pb were lower than 1 mg/kg. The content of most heavy metals were lower than the safety limit in the national standard. The exceeding standard rates of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and chromium were 0.00%, 11.12%, 5.56%, 2.78% and 1.86%, respectively. The results of Nemero comprehensive pollution index showed that the level of pollution of Russula vinosa and Boletus edulis were moderate, the level of Agaricus blazeimuril, Morchella esculenta and Dictyophora indusiate were light, the level of pollution of Armillaria mellea was alert, and the other 12 kinds of dried edible fungi were safe. The results of heavy metal dietary exposure risk showed that the TTHQ values of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and chromium in edible fungi ingested by people of different ages were all less than 1. Conclusion: The contents of K, Mg, Ca, Na and other major elements in 18 kinds of dried edible fungi sold in Guangdong Province were high, while the contents of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr and other heavy metals were low. The overall level of 18 kinds of dried edible fungi sold in Guangdong Province were safe, and the risk level of heavy metal dietary exposure was low.