Determination of Three Polyphenol Components in Phyllanthus emblica L.Tea by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Their Antioxidant Activity

The phenolic contents of emblica (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit from five regions in China were measured by Folin phenol method in this study. Three main polyphenol components including ellagic acid (EA), gallic acid (GA) and corilagin (CO) in emblica were quantified by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Furthermore, the antioxidant activities of emblica ethanolic extracts were also evaluated. The results showed that the Liangshan sample exhibited a significantly higher phenolic content than other sampleswith the total polyphenol content of 228 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g. The contents of three compounds (GA, CO and EA) in Zhangzhou were 5.00, 28.76 and 4.30 mg/g, respectively, which were markedly higher than other sample. The Kunming sample had the highest reducing power.The Liangshan sample was found to have the strongest antioxidant activities in inhibiting lipid peroxidation, scavenging DPPH radicals and hydroxyl radicals, with the EC₅₀ vaule of 7.46 μg/mL and 0.44 mg/mL. Thus, emblica fruit from Liangshan region might be a potential plant source of antioxidants.