Nutrition Analysis and Quality Evaluation of Aristichthys nobilis, Thunnus obesus and Salmon Salar Head

The nutritional components and quality of A.nobilis,T.obesus and Salmon Salar heads were investigated and evaluated to provide basic data and theoretical support for fish head consumption. The composition and contents of general nutrients,fatty acids,amino acids,minerals and heavy metals residue in three kinds of fish heads were measured and evaluated by national standards and literature. There was a significant difference in the crude fat content of the three fish heads(P<0.05),the highest crude fat content was Salmon Salar(14.37%±2.63%),followed by T.obesus(10.70%±0.97%),and finally A.nobilis(3.82%±0.04%). The crude protein content of T.obesus head was significantly higher than A.nobilis head and Salmon Salar head(P<0.05). All three fish heads were rich in unsaturated fatty acids,accounting for 61.30%~82.40% of the total fatty acid content. All three fish heads contained plenty of EPA and DHA,especially T.obesus head. The EPA and DHA in T.obesus were 37.79% of total fatty acid,which was significantly higher than A.nobilis head and Salmon Salar head(P<0.05). The amino acid composition of the three types of fish head protein was relatively reasonable. The proportion of total essential amino acid/total amino acid was 39.73%~40.16%,and the amino acid scores were all greater than 100,indicating that the three types of fish head could be used as the source of high-quality amino acid. The three types of fish heads were rich in minerals,among which the contents of K and Na were high in the constant elements,and mere the same of Fe and Zn in the trace elements. The heavy metal residue(Pb,As,Hg,Cr,Cd)of the three fish heads did not exceed the national limit,indicating that the source of the fish head was safe and healthy.