Difference Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition of Breast Milk, Bovine Milk and Goat Milk

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to determine the fatty acid composition of breast milk in different lactation periods, bovine ordinary milk and goat ordinary milk in the northeast region, and the composition and content of the milk were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for breast milk lipidomics and infant formular which based on bovine milk and goat milk.The results showed that the main fatty acids in breast milk were palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, among which the oleic acid content was the highest. During different lactation periods, the content of SFA, MUFA and PUFA was different, and the content of SFA was significantly different (p<0.05). The content of saturated fatty acids in colostrum, transition milk and mature milk were 36.16%, 37.89% and 38.10%, respectively. The main fatty acids in bovine milk and goat milk was SFA, the content of SFA in goat milk was the highest (69.07%). Caprylic acid and tannic acid in SFA were the characteristic fatty acids of goat milk, which were significantly higher than that of breast milk and bovine milk (p<0.05). The content of medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) in goat milk was the highest (21.03%), which was 1.5 times that of milk. The proportion of breast milk SFA:MUFA:PUFA was 1.41:1.29:1, cow milk was 19.12:9.98:1, and goat milk was 11.14:3.98:1. The composition of fatty acid in goat milk was closer to that of breast milk in terms of proportion. And goat milk had the higher advantage and space for development as an infant formula.