Effect of astaxanthin esters on chronic inflammation mice fed with high fructose and high fat diet

This study investigated the effects of astaxanthin esters on chronic inflammation mice fed by high fat and high fructose diet(HFFD). The model mice were established by feeding HFFD. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into the normal control(low fat and low fructose diet),model control(HFFD),positive control(HFFD+astaxanthin,6.32 mg/kg bw·d),high dose(HFFD+astaxanthin esters,60.45mg/kg bw·d) and low dose(HFFD +astaxanthin,20.15mg/kg bw·d) groups. All animals were fed with diet and water freely for 60 days.After experiments,the white fat weight,fasting serum glucose,serum insulin,serum pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as free fatty acids(FFA),NO,reactive oxygen species(ROS),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and C-Reactive protein(CRP),and serum anti-inflammatory cytokines including adiponectin and interleukin- 10( IL- 10) levels were determined. Results showed that astaxanthin esters significantly decreased the white fat weight(p<0.05),Fasting serum glucose(p<0.01) and insulin levels(p<0.01),ameliorated insulin resistance(p<0.01),lowed serum pro-inflammatory cytokines FFA,NO,ROS,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1βand CRP levels(p<0.01),and increased serum anti-inflammatory cytokines adiponectin and IL-10 levels(p <0.01). Astaxanthin esters significantly ameliorated the chronic inflammation of mice fed by HFFD and the mechanisms might involve the regulation of serum inflammation factors.