Abstract: Molecular imprinting technology(MIT)is an techology for synthesizing polymer with special host-guest molecular recognition by using target molecule as template. Molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs)are predefined,specific and practical,which can effectively solve the non-specific adsorption problem in traditional sample pretreatment and analysis. This technology has been widely used in the separation,enrichment and detection of new neonicotinoid pesticides,improving the detection efficiency and accuracy. Based on molecularly imprinted polymers,this paper systematically introduces the preparation methods of molecularly imprinted polymers and the application of new materials in molecularly imprinted technology. The application of molecularly imprinted technology in pretreatment and detection of neonicotinoid pesticides is mainly introduced,and the current molecular imprinting technologies are summarized and prospected.