Abstract: As one of the main active ingredients of Pueraria lobata,polysaccharide has many physiological functions such as anti-oxidation,immune regulation,lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic,hangover and liver protection. In this paper,from the aspects of extraction technology,physical and chemical properties,structural characteristics and biological activity,the research on the polysaccharides of Pueraria lobata were summarized in recent years,and the structure-activity relationship of Pueraria lobata polysaccharides was summarized for the first time. Its activity is related to the content of uronic acid,the type of glycosidic bond,the substituent and the composition of monosaccharide. The effect of the length of branch and the branching degree of the Pueraria lobata polysaccharides,which are mainly active in the chain structure,on the activity needs further study. In the future,if the activity of Pueraria lobata polysaccharide can be enhanced by structural modification,it will promote the further development of Pueraria lobata resources.