Abstract: To find the new and efficient anti-inflammatory medicine, twelve edible and fragrant plants were collected in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden. Essential oils were extracted by steam distillation. For anti-inflammatory activity, the cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production were determined on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -stimulated RAW264.7 cells by MTS assay and the Griss reagent system, respectively. For the excellent effects on inflammatory, the compounds of them were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The result showed that Mansoa alliacea inhibited cell viability under 0.004% and 0.005% significantly, Piper arborescens inhibited cell viability under 0.005% slightly. Other essential oils had no effects on cell viability or were beneficial to cell viability. Piper arborescens, Cinnamomum verum, Pistacia weinmannifolia, Ocimum Gratissimum var. suave, Mansoa alliacea, Elsholtzia kachinensis exerted efficient effects on production of NO (p<0.0001), the activity that inhibited production of NO of the six essential oil changed from stronger to weaker as:P. arborescens > E. kachinensis > C. verum > P. weinmannifolia > M. alliacea > O. Gratissimum var. suave. P. arborescens essential oil displayed the strongest inhibiting activity on production of NO which inhibitory rate reached 43.68%. They exerted efficient effects more than Dex except for O. Gratissimum var. suave. It was found that the main components of this six essential oils were alkene by GC-MS. The inhibitory activity of production of NO among these plant essential oils had difference, but these essential oils as a material that new and natural had large potential in medicine and functional foods.