Abstract: Yali pears fruit after harvest were treated with 1.0μL/L 1-MCP, the effect of 1-MCP treatment on storage quality and physiological indexes of Yali pears fruit at room temperature storage were investigated. Results showed that 1-MCP treatment significantly decreased the respiratory rate and ethylene production of Yali pear, postponed the respiration and ethylene peak coming, inhibited the PPO activity, and delayed the decreasing rate of soluble solid content and firmness, compared with the control fruit. 1-MCP treatment could enhance the good fruit rate and prolong the storage time of Yali pears in room temperature storage.