Abstract: In order to elevate the water absorption capacity of the superabsorbent resin(SAR) and increase the latent heat when used as the cooling materials, the method of combining Box-Behnken test and single factor experiment were used to optimize the conditions for preparing SAR by reverse phase suspension polymerization. The storage experiments of Agaricus bisporus showed its cooling effect. The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions for preparing SAR: crosslinking agent was 0.06% of the monomer acrylic acid(AA) mass, initiator 0.9%, dispersant 4.38%, starch 10%, neutralization degree 75%, AMPS:AA=1:10, reaction temperature was 65 ℃, and the unit water absorption of the product was 573.26 g/g. The increase in water absorption improved the ability of preparing cold storage materials to keep the environment low in the incubator, and could basically maintain a low temperature environment below 10 ℃ within 12 hours under the condition of 25 ℃, furthermore, it could better maintain the color of Agaricus bisporus, inhibit weightlessness, off-odor and texture change, which indicated that the improvement of SAR water absorption could better maintain the storage quality of Agaricus bisporus.