Abstract: The paper was to establish a method for rapid determination of nitrofuran antibiotics in fishery water by surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS). According to the classic methods,two kinds of nanoparticles Ag and Au were prepared as SERS substrates. By adjusting the pH of the system,optimizing the coagulants,nanoparticles type and volume,adsorption time,the optimal SERS enhancement effects were obtained. The limits of detection of nitrofurantion,nitrofurazone,furazolidone and furaltadone were 1,0.1,5 and 0.1 μg/mL respectively. The result showed that,the sensitivity and specificity of the SERS methods were over 95%,and the rates of false positive and false negative results were less than 5%,which were all conform to the evaluation specification of food rapid analysis method. The developed SERS methods could be used to quickly detect nitrofuran antibiotics in fishery water.