Abstract: The microwave-assisted extraction technology of hawthorn polysaccharide was optimized and its hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering activities were studied in this paper. On the basis of investigating the effect of solid to liquid ratio, extraction temperature, microwave power and extraction time on the yield of hawthorn polysaccharide, the Box-Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the extraction process. The effects of hawthorn crude polysaccharide on α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase inhibition rate and DPPH·clearance rate were determined to evaluate the hypoglycemic and lipid lowering activities of hawthorn crude polysaccharides. The results showed that, the optimum extraction conditions of hawthorn polysaccharide were as follows:the extraction temperature was 63℃, the microwave power was 500 W, the extraction time was 7 min, and the extraction rate amount of hawthorn polysaccharide was (147.10±0.32) mg/g under these conditions. The IC₅₀ of hawthorn polysaccharide on alpha glucosidase, pancreatic lipase, cholesterol esterase inhibition rate and DPPH·clearance rate were (99.22±0.89) μg/mL, (22.50±0.79) mg/mL and (185.80±0.64) μg/mL, respectively, which showed that hawthorn polysaccharide had certain hypoglycemic and blood lipid lowering effects.