Abstract: To get the comprehensive components of red rice in China, the components of 15 sample from 15 different districts were investigated. The contents of crude fat, crude starch, crude protein, water, ash, amino acids, γ-aminobutyric acid, and anthocyanins in various red rice varieties were determined by the national standard method and high performance liquid phase (HPLC). The results showed that there was no significant difference in crude fat, crude starch, crude protein, water content and ash contents of red rice in different places, but there was a significant difference in amino acids. Among them, the contents of 17 kinds of amino acids in the red rice samples of no.6 from Fujian Fuan was higher than that in other areas.The contents of γ-aminobutyric acid and anthocyanin in Yunnan Hani red rice were (6.01±0.14) and (38.71±2.23) μg/g, respectively, which were much higher than those in other regions. In mineral analysis, the content of Zn and Ca in Yunnan Hani red rice was the highest, which were (21.80±0.05) and (284.09±5.43) μg/g. By analysis, Fujian Fuan red rice was rich in amino acids.The contents of EAA/TAA (essential amino acid/total amino acid) and EAA/NEAA (essential amino acid/non-essential amino acid) were 35.08% and 54.54%, respectively. The ratio was suitable and the nutrition was rich.In addition, there had abundant mineral elements in Hani red rice in Yunnan Province. The contents of several main elements such as zinc and calcium were higher than those in other regions, and the contents of gamma-aminobutyric acid and anthocyanin were also much higher than those in other regions, so it would have high application and development value.