Abstract:
To study the antimicrobial activities and the difference of active constituents of
Forsythia suspense fruit and
Forsythia suspense leaves, the diameter inhibition zone of
Forsythia suspensa fruit and
Forsythia suspensa leaves ethanol extract against bacteria was measured by K-B method, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured by double dilution method. The antibacterial mechanism of
Forsythia suspensa fruit and
Forsythia suspensa leaves ethanol extract against
Staphylococcus aureus was studied by the growth curves and the leakage of cell contents and alkaline phosphatase (AKP). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the chemical composition of
Forsythia suspensa fruit and
Forsythia suspensa leaves ethanol extract. The results showed that ethanol extract from
Forsythia suspensa fruit and
Forsythia suspensa leaves had antimicrobial effects on
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and
Bacillus subtilis, the diameter inhibition zone of
Forsythia suspensa leaves ethanol extract against these bacteria was (12.7±1.2), (15.0±0.8), (14.7±0.7) mm, respectively. The MIC of
Forsythia suspensa fruit and
Forsythia suspensa leaves ethanol extract against
Staphylococcus aureus was 6.25, 3.125 mg/mL, respectively. The experimental results of antimicrobial mechanism showed that the ethanol extract from
Forsythia suspensa fruit and
Forsythia suspensa leaves inhibited the growth of
Staphylococcus aureus, damaged the cell wall and cell membrane, increased the content of macromolecules and AKP in the culture solution, and the antimicrobial activity of
Forsythia suspensa leaves ethanol extract was better than
Forsythia suspensa fruit ethanol extract. GC-MS analysis showed that, ethanol extract from
Forsythia suspensa fruit mainly included alcohols (38.55%), phenols (14.00%), and ketones (11.07%).
Forsythia suspensa leaves ethanol extract contained alcohols (34.97%), olefins (12.71%), phenols (12.26%), and alkanes (11.05%). Alcohols, phenols, ketones, aldehydes and alkanes in the
Forsythia suspensa fruit and
Forsythia suspensa leaves ethanol extract had a significant contribution to their antibacterial activity, and the difference in their antibacterial activity was mainly related to the types and the content of these substances.