Abstract: Spectroscopic techniques are widely used in the detection of edible and medicinal mushrooms due to its fast analysis speed, high efficiency, low cost, good reproducibility, no sample preparation and no pollution. This article mainly introduces the applications and research progresses of infrared spectrum, Raman spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and other spectroscopic techniques in the quality inspection and safety assessment of edible and medicinal mushrooms. The status quo and problems of various spectroscopic techniques are also analyzed. The development trend of spectroscopic techniques in the detection of edible and medicinal mushrooms was discussed in order to promote the application of spectroscopic techniques in the quality control of edible and medicinal mushrooms.