Abstract: Objective:To explore the antagonism mechanism of oleanolic acid (OA) on the renal cytotoxicity of ochratoxin A (OTA). Methods:The experiment was divided into 6 groups (control group, OTA group, OA group, OA pretreatment group, OA and OTA simultaneous treatment group and OA post-treatment group) to treat human embryonic kidney epithelial cells (HEK293T). The amount of OA antagonist was determined to 1 μmol/L by measuring cell viability, and the effects of OA and OTA on the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of autophagy-related proteins were further investigated to elucidate the mechanism of OA antagonizing OTA-induced HEK293T cytotoxicity. Results:The low concentrations of OA (1 μmol/L) could significantly increase cell viability (p<0.05). Although 1 μmol/L OA did not significantly induce ROS production and activate autophagy (p>0.05), it could alleviate the autophagic death of OTA-induced HEK293T cells to different extents by regulating the expression of p-mTOR, p-p70S6K, p-Beclin1, and LC3.Post-processing of OA is the most effective method (p<0.05). Conclusion:To some extent, people can have some antagonistic effects on OTA-induced renal cytotoxicity by ingesting OA-containing foods.