Abstract: Cell disruption is the key technical bottleneck in the commercialization of microalgae. Due to the presence of rigid cell walls in microalgae, which impedes the release of microalgae proteins and other substances and the microalgae proteins and other functional activity would be affected if the cells are excessively broken. Therefore, the choice of appropriate disruption techniques and conditions is the key to the development of microalgae industry. This paper reviewed the research status of domestic and foreign microbial cell disruption technology in the past five years, and analyzed the research statue of 5 kinds of traditional microalgae mild cell disruption, including bead grinding, high pressure homogenization, ultrasonic treatment, ionic liquid treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. The latest research progress of 4 new technologies were discussed, which contained fluid cavitation, microfluidics, pulsed electric field treatment and cationic polymer smearing. The advantages and disadvantages of 9 cell disruption techniques were compared. In the end, the development of mild cell disruption technique of microalgae was forecasted.