Abstract: To explore the spoilage potential of specific spoilage organisms and its effect on the volatile compounds,little yellow croakers which inoculated by different kinds of SSOs were measured by TVB-N values,total viable counts and contents of volatile compounds. Results showed that the spoilage potential of Proteus hauseri was equal to Shewanella glacialipiscicola,and stronger than Providencia heimbachae. The species of volatile compounds from three kinds of SSOs were generally alcohols,esters,hydrocarbons,nitrogenous and sulfurous substances,while indole,trimethylamine,dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide were the main odor substance,and S.glacialipiscicola produced the highest quantity of the odor substances while P.hauseri followed and P.heimbachae produced least. The result of yield factors was consistent with the content of nitrogenous and sulfurous compounds. The correlation study showed that indole,trimethylamine,dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide were significantly correlated with TVB-N values(p<0.05).