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中国精品科技期刊2020
侯文杰, 吴旭干, 施文正. 池塘养殖与野生三疣梭子蟹滋味的比较研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2018, 39(8): 6-12. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2018.08.002
引用本文: 侯文杰, 吴旭干, 施文正. 池塘养殖与野生三疣梭子蟹滋味的比较研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2018, 39(8): 6-12. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2018.08.002
HOU Wen-jie, WU Xu-gan, SHI Wen-zheng. Comparison of the taste in Portunus Trituberculatus between cultured in pond and wild-caught[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2018, 39(8): 6-12. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2018.08.002
Citation: HOU Wen-jie, WU Xu-gan, SHI Wen-zheng. Comparison of the taste in Portunus Trituberculatus between cultured in pond and wild-caught[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2018, 39(8): 6-12. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2018.08.002

池塘养殖与野生三疣梭子蟹滋味的比较研究

Comparison of the taste in Portunus Trituberculatus between cultured in pond and wild-caught

  • 摘要: 池塘养殖和野生捕捞是食用三疣梭子蟹的两种主要来源,本研究首先比较了池塘养殖与野生三疣梭子蟹可食部位(卵巢、肝胰腺、肌肉)的呈味核苷酸、游离氨基酸、滋味活度值和味精当量,然后采用电子舌对可食部位的整体滋味进行评价。结果表明,池塘养殖梭子蟹卵巢中核苷酸的滋味活度值显著高于(p<0.05)野生梭子蟹,池塘养殖梭子蟹卵巢中的IMP(肌苷5'-单磷酸)、GMP(一磷酸鸟苷)、AMP(一磷酸腺苷)显著高于野生梭子蟹(p<0.05),肝胰腺中的GMP和AMP、肌肉中的IMP均低于野生梭子蟹;池塘养殖三疣梭子蟹雌体肝胰腺、肌肉中的大部分游离氨基酸含量低于野生,卵巢中则相反,卵巢中的呈味氨基酸和必需氨基酸占总游离氨基酸百分比均高于野生三疣梭子蟹,其中,野生梭子蟹中的苦味氨基酸对整体滋味贡献度较大,池塘养殖梭子蟹中的苦/甜味氨基酸对整体滋味贡献较大。池塘养殖三疣梭子蟹卵巢中的味精当量(EUC值=53.94 g MSG/100 g)显著高于(p<0.05)野生梭子蟹卵巢(EUC值=15.81 g MSG/100 g),野生梭子蟹肝胰腺和肌肉中的EUC均高于池塘养殖个体;就不同组织而言,卵巢中的鲜味优于肝胰腺和肌肉。电子舌主成分分析表明池塘养殖与野生梭子蟹的肝胰腺滋味轮廓没有明显区别,但是卵巢与肌肉的整体滋味轮廓能够明显区分,且主要差异体现在第一主成分轴上。研究结果表明池塘养殖三疣梭子蟹卵巢整体滋味优于野生梭子蟹,野生雌体肌肉和肝胰腺的滋味优于池塘养殖个体,这些结果可为池塘养殖三疣梭子蟹的品质调控提供一定的理论指导。

     

    Abstract: Pond cultured and wild fishing are two major sources of consumption of Portunus trituberculatus. In this study,the taste nucleotide,free amino acid,taste activity and monosodium glutamate equivalence of edible parts(ovary,hepatopancreas,muscle)of pond culture and wild Portunus trituberculatus were compared,and the overall taste of the edible part were evaluated buy electronic tongue. The results showed that the taste activity of the nucleotide in the ovary of pond culture was significantly higher(p<0.05)than that of the wild crab. The IMP(Inosine Monophosphate),GMP(Guanosine Monophosphate)and AMP(Adenosine Monophosphate)in the ovary of the pond culture were significantly higher(p<0.05)than those in the wild crab,the GMP and AMP in the hepatopancreas and the IMP in the muscle of the pond was lower than the wild crabs. The content of most free amino acids in the hepatopancreas,ovaries and muscles of the pond culture was lower than that of the wild. And the percentage of the total amino acids and the essential amino acids in the gonads was higher than that of the wild trituberculatus. Among them,bitter amino acids in wild crabs had a greater contribution to the overall taste,and the bitter/sweet amino acids in the pond culture had a greater contribution to the overall taste. The monosodium glutamate equivalence of the ovary(EUC=53.94 g MSG/100 g)was significantly higher than that of wild crab gonads(EUC=15.81 g MSG/100 g),and the EUC of hepatopancreas and muscle pond culture individual.While the ovarian flavor of different organ-izations was significantly better than the liver and pancreas and muscle. The taste of MSG in the ovary of Portunus trituberculatus(EUC=53.94 gMSG/100 g)was significantly higher than that of wild crab gonads(EUC=15.81 gMSG/100 g). EUC of the hepatopancreas and muscle in wild were higher than those in pond culture. In different tissues,the freshness of ovary was significantly better than that of hepatopancreas and muscle. The analysis of the main components of the electronic tongue showed that there was no significant difference in the contours of the hepatopancreas between the pond culture and the wild crabs,but the overall taste profile of the ovary and muscles could be clearly distinguished,and the main differences were on the first principal component axis. The results showed that the taste of the ovary of Portunus trituberculatus was better than that of wild crab,and the taste of wild female muscle and liver and pancreas was better than that of pond culture. The results could provide some theoretical guidance for the quality control of Portunus trituberculatus.

     

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