Abstract: At present, the incidence of mental illness in China is increasing year by year, and how to alleviate the mental illness causes more and more concern of people.Researches have shown that lactic acid bacteria can help maintain the normal function of the human brain and nervous system by regulating the intestinal immune function, promoting the production of nerve signaling substances, regulating endocrine cell hormones and so on. The clinical medicine research also has shown that lactic acid bacteria have prevention and alleviation effects on various mental diseases such as autism, depression, schizophrenia and anxiety. Lactic acid bacteria combined with drug has become one of the research hotspots in the treatment of mental diseases.This review summarizes the beneficial effects and mechanisms of lactic acid bacteria on psychotic diseases, and aims to provide references for research and application of lactic acid bacteria in this area.