Abstract: As the existing pesticide detection methods were complicated, would pollute the environment by marking, with precious instrument, and not conducive to on-site rapid detection, the self-developed surface plasmon resonance biological chip detector was used in the detection of microcystin ( MC-LR) , a method for rapid detection of microcystin by inhibiting type SPR biological chip was proposed.The competitive inhibition immunoassay was preceded in MC-LR with concentrations of 3.5, 2.5, 1.5, 1, 0 μg/L.The experimental results showed that the detection limit could be 1 μg/L which could meet the needs of the World Health Organization ( WHO) for detecting the minimum content of MC-LR in drinking water and surface water environmental quality standards in China.The detection of 1 sample would take about 8 min by this method, compared with the traditional methods such as high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) , the rapid and quantitative was the biggest advantage of this method.The established device and method could be used for food quality monitoring and on-site real-time detection.