Abstract: The main purpose of the separation and purification of proteins was to study its structure and physicochemical properties, so the original structure and properties should be kept during the separation and purification. The paper reviewed the structure of major allergen of crustaceans-tropomyosin (Tropomyosin, TM) , and the factors of effecting its structural stability. And the effect of separation methods and conditions on TM's structure and allergen activity was also discussed, which provided a reference for the extraction of tropomyosin with high purity and original structure and activity.