Abstract: To study the antibacterial and anti- inflammatory effects of L.macranthoides Hand- Mazz's alabastrum.The antibacterial sensitivities to 6 kinds of common pathogenic bacteria were determined by paper- disc agar- diffusion method.Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microdilution method.The anti-inflammatory effect were evaluated by the ear edema model of mice induced by xylene, the rat paw edema model induced by carrageenan and the granuloma model induced by embedding cotton pellet.The results demonstrated that the tested sample showed significant antibacterial effect to the 6 kinds of bacteria, with MIC 10⁸0mg /mL and MBC≥320mg /mL.Besides, compared with the model group, the doses of 1.125, 2.25 and 4.5g /kg significantly reduced the foot swelling (p < 0.01) ;the doses of 2.25g /kg and 4.5g /kg significantly inhibited the granuloma hyperplasia of the rats (p < 0.01) ;the doses of 1.6, 3.2 and 6.4g /kg significantly decreased the ear edema of the mice (p < 0.01) .Our experiments indicated that the L.macranthoides Hand.-Mazz's alabastrum has significant antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect.