Abstract: The chemical and mechanical pretreatment conditions of bamboo waste were optimized. The enzyme activity was determined. Bamboo waste xylanase hydrolysis conditions were optimized using single factor and orthogonal experiment. The alkali-hydrogen peroxide mechanical pretreatment conditions were optimized taking pH and reducing sugar as the index. Found that NaOH dosage 1%, H2O2dosage 1%, temperature 80℃were the best conditions. The bamboo waste enzyme hydrolysis process was optimized by L9 (34) orthogonal experiment on the basis of single factor experiment, the results showed that the optimum conditions were solid-liquid ratio 1∶20, enzyme dosage 10%, hydrolysis time 8h. The enzymatic hydrolysis yield of total sugar reached 12.11%.