Abstract: The increasing food safety incident dramatically undermined consumer confidence in the food industry.Although the traditional techniques show good selectivity and sensitivity for the risk factors in food, there is still a need of developing simple, rapid, robust, low-cost method for the rapid detection in food safety.Aptamer are single-stranded DNA or RNA sequences, which are selected by Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX) from a random pool of oligonucleotide sequences.Aptamer which binding strong and selective to the target, have been widely used in food safety detection.In this review, the application of aptamer in food safety detection was summarized, the problem facing aptamer in food safey detection was discussed, the future of aptamer in this area was prospected.