Abstract: The objective of this study was to optimize the extraction process for total polyphenols from pear fruitlet pulp by orthogonal array and their components were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) . The result indicated extraction ratio of polyphenols was observably affected by temperature and ethanol concentration. Optimal extraction conditions of polyphenols from pear fruitlet pulp were ethanol concentration of 60%, extraction temperature of 70℃, extraction time of 2h, extraction material-liquid ratio of 1∶30 (g/mL) . Under these optimal extraction conditions, the extraction rate of polyphenols was up to 1.47mg/g. Nine phenolic compositions were identified by HPLC in which arbutin was the main component with the content of 74.1% of the total phenols.