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中国精品科技期刊2020

基于电子鼻和HS-SPME-GC-MS技术分析9种新疆石榴果实挥发性成分

盛秀丽 马刘峰 方志刚 吴江超 姜蕾 陈芸

盛秀丽,马刘峰,方志刚,等. 基于电子鼻和HS-SPME-GC-MS技术分析9种新疆石榴果实挥发性成分[J]. 食品工业科技,2023,44(6):325−334. doi:  10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022060146
引用本文: 盛秀丽,马刘峰,方志刚,等. 基于电子鼻和HS-SPME-GC-MS技术分析9种新疆石榴果实挥发性成分[J]. 食品工业科技,2023,44(6):325−334. doi:  10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022060146
SHENG Xiuli, MA Liufeng, FANG Zhigang, et al. Analysis of Volatile Components of Nine Punica grcanatum L. Cultivars Grown in Xinjiang Based on Electronic Nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(6): 325−334. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi:  10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022060146
Citation: SHENG Xiuli, MA Liufeng, FANG Zhigang, et al. Analysis of Volatile Components of Nine Punica grcanatum L. Cultivars Grown in Xinjiang Based on Electronic Nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(6): 325−334. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi:  10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022060146

基于电子鼻和HS-SPME-GC-MS技术分析9种新疆石榴果实挥发性成分

doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022060146
基金项目: 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2020D01A07);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划(XJEDU2019Y039)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    盛秀丽(1994−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物分子遗传,E-mail:shengxl09@163.com

    通讯作者:

    陈芸(1980−),女,硕士,副教授,研究方向:植物分子遗传,E-mail:chenyun8111@126.com

  • 中图分类号: TS201.2

Analysis of Volatile Components of Nine Punica grcanatum L. Cultivars Grown in Xinjiang Based on Electronic Nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS

  • 摘要: 本研究采用电子鼻(Electronic Nose)与顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(headspace solid-phase micro-extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometer,HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术相结合对新疆南部地区9个不同石榴品种的果实挥发性成分进行比较分析,并对固相微萃取的条件进行了优化。结果表明:顶空固相微萃取的较优条件为:加盐量0.3 g/mL,萃取时间45 min,萃取温度45 ℃。电子鼻结果表明不同品种石榴果实之间的整体挥发性成分之间存在差异性。HS-SPME-GC-MS从9个石榴果实样品中共检测出73种化合物,其中萜烯类物质23种,醇类物质16种,酯类物质3种,醛类物质15种,酮类物质5种,酸类物质8种,其它3种。不同石榴品种之间果实的共有挥发性成分有6种,相对含量为63.11%~92.32%,它们构成了新疆石榴果实挥发性成分的主体特征,特有挥发成分分别有2、6、0、1、3、3、3、3、3种,赋予了不同品种石榴果实各自特有的风味特点,该研究结果可为新疆地区部分石榴品种的品质评价和综合利用提供参考依据。
  • 图  1  新疆不同品种石榴果实的电子鼻响应值雷达图

    Figure  1.  Radar chart of electronic nose response of different pomegranate varieties in Xinjiang

    图  2  新疆不同石榴品种基于电子鼻响应值的PCA分析

    Figure  2.  PCA analysis of different pomegranate varieties in Xinjiang based on electronic nose response value

    图  3  传感器Loadings分析

    Figure  3.  Sensor Loadings analysis

    图  4  加盐量对萃取效果的影响

    Figure  4.  Effect of salt addition on extraction efficiency

    图  5  温度对萃取效果的影响

    Figure  5.  Effect of temperature on extraction efficiency

    图  6  萃取时间对萃取效果的影响

    Figure  6.  Effect of extracting time on extraction efficiency

    图  7  不同石榴品种的总离子流图

    Figure  7.  Total ion flow diagram of different pomegranate cultivars

    图  8  不同石榴品种果实挥发性物质的相对含量

    Figure  8.  Relative contents of volatile substances in different pomegranate cultivars

    表  1  实验材料

    Table  1.   Experimental materials

    编号样品名称采集地特征
    N1酸石榴叶城县伯西热克乡果实较大、果皮浅红泛青有斑点、
    籽粒浅粉色
    N2甜石榴喀什市佰什克然木乡果实较小、果皮泛白有斑点、
    籽粒深红色
    N3酸石榴喀什市阿瓦提乡果实较大、果皮稍泛青、
    籽粒深红色
    N4酸石榴喀什市佰什克然木乡果实较小、果皮深红色、
    籽粒血红色
    N5甜石榴喀什市阿瓦提乡果实较大、果皮红色有麻点、
    籽粒红色
    N6甜石榴策勒县策勒乡果实较小、果皮深红有黄色斑点、
    籽粒深红色
    N7酸石榴喀什市阿瓦提乡果实较小、果皮深红有斑点、
    籽粒粉红色
    N8酸石榴策勒县策勒乡果实较小、果皮粉红有锈迹、
    籽粒浅红色
    N9酸石榴皮山县藏桂乡果实偏小、果皮深红有麻点、
    籽粒粉红色
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  PEN电子鼻传感器敏感物质

    Table  2.   Sensitive substances of PEN electronic nose sensor

    编号传感器敏感物质
    S1W1C芳烃化合物
    S2W5S氮氧化物
    S3W3C氨,芳香分子
    S4W6S氢化物
    S5W5C烯烃,芳族,极性分子
    S6W1S烷类
    S7W1W硫化合物
    S8W2S部分芳香族化合物及醇类
    S9W2W硫的有机化合物、芳烃化合物
    S10W3S烷类和脂肪
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  正构烷烃的出峰保留时间

    Table  3.   Peak retention time of n-alkanes

    名称保留时间(min)名称保留时间(min)
    正辛烷5.184正十五烷21.653
    正壬烷7.447正十六烷23.213
    正癸烷9.958正十七烷24.585
    正十一烷12.553正十八烷25.830
    正十二烷15.106正十九烷26.980
    正十三烷17.563正二十烷28.085
    正十四烷19.819正二十一烷30.865
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  新疆不同品种石榴果实中的挥发性物质及相对含量

    Table  4.   Volatile substances and relative contents in different pomegranate cultivars in Xinjiang

    类别化学名称保留时间
    (min)
    引用
    RI值
    相对含量(%)
    N1N2N3N4N5N6N7N8N9
    醇类正己醇6.73386852.4261.2816.6411.3921.917.1555.0339.938.72
    叶醇6.34985125.6518.0916.9310.8411.819.3429.516.369.19
    正癸醇16.74412660.110.110.210.210.070.040.070.09
    癸醇15.12312030.130.14
    月桂醇21.09914660.160.180.380.400.220.200.140.130.15
    芳樟醇12.41710940.490.871.230.52
    1-壬醇14.24911690.180.250.180.290.12
    异戊烯醇4.6427780.370.700.310.23
    (-)-4-萜品醇14.52011820.220.530.480.581.730.140.250.30
    对甲基苯异丙醇14.64811830.170.220.260.220.070.350.11
    (+)-a−松油醇14.89311924.306.736.425.201.602.415.523.46
    橙花叔醇21.74115260.060.110.03
    1,4-桉叶素10.25010160.080.210.230.020.300.08
    正庚醇9.1109660.070.12
    1-十六烷醇26.71518750.01
    丁基卡必醇14.60511840.140.170.350.140.14
    醛类正己醛5.11779812.454.9947.9860.0928.5341.439.3629.8473.35
    (E)-2-己烯醛6.1208480.110.620.150.200.040.310.14
    (E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛7.6209060.612.542.360.440.831.332.04
    (E)-2-庚烯醛8.7449530.020.210.050.120.04
    正辛醛9.9249970.140.180.280.080.37
    壬醛12.53710990.250.230.710.890.260.210.390.470.36
    癸醛15.11912020.130.340.410.110.080.260.290.17
    十二醛19.88014010.030.060.060.030.02
    苯甲醛8.8709580.07
    1-壬醛14.25811690.120.20
    苯乙醛10.95110430.03
    P-伞花烃10.49910260.080.200.180.25
    (Z)-癸-2-烯醛16.49812540.03
    月桂醛19.88314050.03
    酸类软脂酸27.54919510.390.510.350.520.390.650.470.320.36
    正己酸9.3899760.270.140.740.19
    辛酸14.17011690.020.050.110.060.040.05
    壬酸16.54412600.020.050.100.120.030.040.050.04
    肉豆蔻酸25.22217510.02
    (E)-2-庚烯酸8.7539540.23
    己酸9.3439700.01
    苯甲酸13.96511700.070.200.170.150.060.070.370.15
    烯类β−石竹烯20.19714200.060.860.260.2617.9112.500.04
    柠檬烯10.62110260.922.952.091.732.511.980.800.97
    反式-α−香柠檬烯20.03714230.120.79
    β−蒎烯9.3089730.490.490.05
    γ-松油烯11.37510600.09
    B-倍半水芹烯22.00515230.120.120.330.56
    β−红没药烯21.73915060.201.470.84
    反式-β−金合欢烯20.73214500.240.073.872.69
    α−法呢烯22.06215050.090.06
    2,6-二甲基-6-(4-甲基-3-戊烯基)双环[3.1.1]庚-2-烯20.41614330.207.510.03
    1R-(1R*,4Z,9S*)]-4,11,11-三甲基-8-亚甲基-二环[7.2.0]4-十一烯20.36014070.31
    1-甲基-4-[(2E)-6-甲基-2,5-庚二烯-2-基环己烯22.25815040.09
    α−姜黄烯21.26914860.080.580.34
    α−水芹烯10.04010030.05
    姜烯21.50814950.150.09
    桧烯9.1749710.03
    (-)-异丁香烯19.89714070.21
    β−月桂烯9.6039880.430.06
    蒈烯10.30810040.10
    十五烯21.44914920.06
    1-石竹烯20.19914200.02
    1-十六烯21.44315900.08
    α−香柠檬烯20.41214335.800.05
    酮类
    2-壬酮12.17910890.220.660.260.220.38
    苯乙酮11.52510620.080.400.320.140.080.080.14
    6,10-二丁基-5,9-十一双烯-2-酮20.61014600.04
    橙化基丙酮20.61314380.06
    香叶基丙酮20.61414480.060.120.03
    酯类乙酸己酯10.16010100.03
    丁酸癸酯19.10913330.080.15
    棕榈酸异丙酯28.27719810.02
    其它2,4-二叔丁基苯酚21.66115020.79
    愈创木酚12.04010840.070.17
    石竹素23.00015830.140.12
    注:1~9顺序同表1,“-”表示未检测到。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-06-17
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-02-03
  • 刊出日期:  2023-03-15

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