响应面法优化南极磷虾蛋白肽脱色工艺

刘小芳; 黄岳磊; 冷凯良; 李福后; 丁奇; 苗钧魁; 于源

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022030136

响应面法优化南极磷虾蛋白肽脱色工艺

doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022030136

刘小芳^1,,
黄岳磊^{1, 2},
冷凯良^{1, 3, ,},
李福后²,
丁奇⁴,
苗钧魁¹,
于源¹

1.
中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，农业农村部极地渔业可持续利用重点实验室，山东青岛 266071
2.
江苏海洋大学食品科学与工程学院，江苏连云港 222005
3.
青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室，海洋药物与生物制品功能实验室，山东青岛 266200
4.
青岛南极维康生物科技有限公司，山东青岛 266112

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2020YFD0901204）；国家自然科学基金（32001770）。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘小芳（1987−），女，博士，副研究员，研究方向：水产品加工，E-mail：liuxiaofang@ysfri.ac.cn

通讯作者:
冷凯良（1966−），男，本科，研究员，研究方向：水产品加工，E-mail：lengkl@ysfri.ac.cn

中图分类号: TS254.4
计量
- 文章访问数: 125
- HTML全文浏览量: 24
- PDF下载量: 12
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-11
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-23

Optimization of Decolorization Process of Antarctic Krill Peptides by Response Surface Methodology

LIU Xiaofang^1
,,
HUANG Yuelei^{1, 2},
LENG Kailiang^{1, 3
, ,},
LI Fuhou²,
DING Qi⁴,
MIAO Junkui¹,
YU Yuan¹

1.
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266071, China
2.
Jiangsu Ocean University, School of Food Science and Engineering, Lianyungang 222005, China
3.
Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266200, China
4.
Qingdao Antarctic Weikang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266112, China

摘要

摘要: 为优化南极磷虾蛋白肽脱色工艺，提高南极磷虾蛋白肽产品品质，采用活性炭吸附法脱除南极磷虾蛋白肽溶液中的色素，以脱色率和蛋白保留率为评价指标，分别考察活性炭用量、pH、脱色温度、脱色时间对脱色效果的影响，在单因素实验基础上，选择脱色温度50 ℃，采用响应面法优化南极磷虾蛋白肽脱色工艺。结果表明，采用粉末活性炭吸附脱除南极磷虾蛋白肽色素的最佳条件为：活性炭用量4.0%、pH1.5、脱色时间1.0 h；在此条件下，脱色率达到82.19%±0.20%，蛋白保留率为90.93%±2.28%。采用优化工艺对南极磷虾蛋白肽进行脱色处理，样品氨基酸组成中必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的占比以及样品的分子量分布不会发生明显变化。研究将为优质南极磷虾蛋白肽产品开发提供支撑。
- 南极磷虾 /
- 蛋白肽 /
- 脱色 /
- 活性炭 /
- 响应面法
Abstract: In order to optimize the decolorization process of Antarctic krill peptides and improve the product quality, activated carbon adsorption method was used to remove the pigment from the Antarctic krill peptides solution. Taking the decolorization rate and protein retention rate as the evaluation indexes, the influence of four independent variables including dosage of activated carbon, pH, decolorization temperature and decolorization time on the decolorization effect were investigated respectively. On the basis of single factor experiment, three independent variables including dosage of activated carbon, pH and decolorization time were optimized by the response surface methodology under the decolorization temperature of 50 ℃. Results showed that powdered activated carbon was more suitable for the removal of pigment from Antarctic krill peptides when compared with granular activated carbon, and the optimal conditions determined by response surface methodology were as follows: dosage of activated carbon 4.0%, pH1.5 and decolorization time 1.0 h. Under the optimal conditions, the decolorization rate was 82.19%±0.20% and the protein retention rate was 90.93%±2.28%. The decolorization treatment had no obvious effects on the proportion of essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids in the amino acid compositions as well as the molecular weight distribution of Antarctic krill peptides. This research would provide scientific support for the development of high-quality Antarctic krill peptides products.
- Antarctic krill /
- peptides /
- decolorization /
- activated carbon /
- response surface methodology

HTML全文

图 1 南极磷虾蛋白肽溶液的可见吸光光谱

Figure 1. The absorption spectrum of the Antarctic krill peptides solution

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图 2 活性炭用量对脱色率和蛋白保留率的影响

Figure 2. Influence of dosage of activated carbon on decolorization rate and protein retention rate

注：不同字母表示同一指标不同实验组间具有显著性差异（P<0.05），图3~图5同。

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图 3 pH对脱色率和蛋白保留率的影响

Figure 3. Influence of pH on decolorization rate and protein retention rate

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图 4 脱色温度对脱色率和蛋白保留率的影响

Figure 4. Influence of decolorization temperature on decolorization rate and protein retention rate

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图 5 脱色时间对脱色率和蛋白保留率的影响

Figure 5. Influence of decolorization time on decolorization rate and protein retention rate

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图 6 活性炭用量与pH的交互作用对南极磷虾蛋白肽脱色率的影响

Figure 6. Interaction effect of dosage of activated carbon and pH on decolorization rate of Antarctic krill peptides

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图 7 活性炭用量与脱色时间的交互作用对南极磷虾蛋白肽脱色率的影响

Figure 7. Interaction effect of dosage of activated carbon and decolorization time on decolorization rate of Antarctic krill peptides

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图 8 pH与脱色时间的交互作用对南极磷虾蛋白肽脱色率的影响

Figure 8. Interaction effect of pH and decolorization time on decolorization rate of Antarctic krill peptides

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表 1 Box-Behnken实验设计因素水平

Table 1. Experimental factor levels in the Box-Behnken design

因素	水平
因素	−1	0	1
A 活性炭用量（%）	2.0	3.0	4.0
B pH	1.0	2.0	3.0
C 脱色时间（h）	0.5	1.0	1.5

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表 2 不同类型活性炭对南极磷虾蛋白肽脱色率的影响

Table 2. Effect of different types of activated carbon on decolorization rate of Antarctic krill peptides

pH	活性炭用量（%）	脱色率（%）
pH	活性炭用量（%）	粉末活性炭	颗粒活性炭
2.0	2.0	67.21±0.38	16.49±1.60^**
	5.0	91.04±0.58	21.63±0.77^**
	10.0	99.97±0.01	19.12±0.36^**
4.0	2.0	46.30±1.40	26.74±0.71^**
	5.0	59.88±1.71	27.85±0.06^**
	10.0	90.42±0.10	27.29±0.45^**
6.0	2.0	41.97±0.68	16.29±0.73^**
	5.0	55.89±0.75	13.84±0.27^**
	10.0	79.05±1.87	13.17±0.48^**
注：^**表示在相同工艺条件下与粉末活性炭处理组相比差异极显著（P<0.01）。

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表 3 Box-Behnken实验设计与结果

Table 3. Box-Behnken experimental design and result

编号	A	B	C	Y 脱色率（%）
1	1	0	−1	82.35
2	0	0	0	78.76
3	0	0	0	77.09
4	−1	0	1	63.45
5	0	0	0	77.24
6	1	−1	0	85.50
7	0	−1	−1	76.12
8	0	1	1	70.08
9	0	0	0	76.99
10	−1	0	−1	65.02
11	−1	1	0	59.34
12	1	1	0	78.09
13	−1	−1	0	68.13
14	1	0	1	83.93
15	0	−1	1	75.98
16	0	1	−1	68.93
17	0	0	0	77.19

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表 4 回归模型方差分析

Table 4. Variance analysis of regression model

方差来源	平方和	自由度	均方	F 值	P 值
模型	863.81	9	95.98	174.06	<0.0001^**
A	683.21	1	683.21	1238.99	<0.0001^**
B	107.24	1	107.24	194.48	<0.0001^**
C	0.13	1	0.13	0.24	0.6421
AB	0.48	1	0.48	0.86	0.3837
AC	2.48	1	2.48	4.50	0.0716
BC	0.42	1	0.42	0.75	0.4139
A²	15.03	1	15.03	27.26	0.0012^**
B²	33.00	1	33.00	59.84	0.0001^**
C²	14.83	1	14.83	26.90	0.0013^**
残差	3.86	7	0.55
失拟项	1.69	3	0.56	1.04	0.4656
误差值	2.17	4	0.54
总离差	867.67	16
注：^**表示差异极显著（P<0.01）。

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表 5 脱色前后南极磷虾蛋白肽的组成

Table 5. The compositions of Antarctic krill peptides before and after decolorization

检测指标（g/100 g）	脱色前	脱色后
基本组成
蛋白质	80.57±0.40	71.18±0.19^**
灰分	10.68±0.10	15.12±0.09^**
盐分	8.74±0.10	10.90±0.10^**
水分	4.64±0.13	5.49±0.15^**
氨基酸组成
天冬氨酸 Asp	9.23±0.07	8.02±0.09^**
苏氨酸^a Thr	3.66±0.04	3.23±0.06^**
丝氨酸 Ser	3.49±0.10	3.03±0.14^**
谷氨酸 Glu	12.33±0.15	10.93±0.15^**
甘氨酸 Gly	4.38±0.04	3.76±0.05^**
丙氨酸 Ala	5.15±0.03	4.57±0.07^**
缬氨酸^a Val	4.28±0.11	3.86±0.14^*
甲硫氨酸^a Met	2.46±0.02	2.24±0.04^**
异亮氨酸^a Ile	3.77±0.11	3.29±0.15^*
亮氨酸^a Leu	6.57±0.04	5.71±0.09^**
酪氨酸 Tyr	3.50±0.06	2.89±0.01^**
苯丙氨酸^a Phe	3.79±0.04	3.14±0.07^**
赖氨酸^a Lys	6.50±0.05	5.88±0.08^**
组氨酸 His	1.90±0.01	1.72±0.04^**
精氨酸 Arg	4.44±0.03	3.97±0.07^**
脯氨酸 Pro	3.51±0.06	3.11±0.10^**
氨基酸总量（Total amino acids, TAA）	78.97±0.57	69.37±0.96^**
必需氨基酸（Essential amino acids, EAA）	31.03±0.30	27.34±0.52^**
非必需氨基酸（Nonessential amino acids, NEAA）	47.94±0.29	42.03±0.53^**
EAA/TAA（%）	39.29±0.12	39.41±0.34
EAA/NEAA（%）	64.72±0.34	65.05±0.92
注：^a表示必需氨基酸；^表示与脱色前相比差异显著（P<0.05）；^*表示与脱色前相比差异极显著（P<0.01）。

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表 6 脱色前后南极磷虾蛋白肽的分子量分布

Table 6. The molecular weight distribution of Antarctic krill peptides before and after decolorization

分子量（Da）	脱色前	脱色后
>12500	0.07±0.02	0.04±0.04
12500~6500	0.72±0.12	0.56±0.10
6500~1450	16.41±0.27	16.86±0.29
1450~451	32.82±0.23	33.95±0.67
451~189	36.83±1.02	35.99±1.62
<189	13.16±1.11	12.61±1.22

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