Abstract: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B. amyloliquefaciens) is widely used as beneficial bacteria for biological control, and the main antimicrobial substances are lipopeptides. These lipopeptides have antimicrobial, anti-tumor, antiviral activities and other biological activities, and they are safe, broad-spectrum, efficient, non-toxic, and easily decomposed in the body. Therefore, B. amyloliquefaciens and its lipopeptide metabolites can be widely used in the biological control of crops, freshness and preservation of fruits and vegetables, as well as post-harvest microbial control, which have great prospects for development and application. This paper focuses on the types and biosynthesis of lipopeptides in B. amyloliquefaciens, the mechanism of microbial inhibition and their application prospects.